Chaeles



(No Model.)

G. O. PEGK & W. H. CHAPMAN.

ELECTRIC MOTOR. No. 279,007. Patented June 5,1888.

Fig.1. Witnesses v I Inventors wvw w w M by flttorney.

UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE.

CHARLES G.'PECK AND WILLIAM H. CHAPMAN, OF MIDDLEBURY, VERMONT.

ELECTRIC MOTOR.

SPECIFIGATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 279,007, dated June 5,1883,

' Application filed January 15, L883. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, CHARLES C. P1301: and \VILLIAM: H. CHAPMAN, both ofMiddlebury,

. in the county of Addison and State of Vermont,

have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric Motors, ofwhich the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings,is a specification.

Our invention relates to that class of electric Io motors in which thearmature rolls upon and in direct contact with the pole-pieces of themagnets alternately from one magnetic field to another; and it consistsin an improved form of the pole-pieces of the magnets, whereby thearmature is caused to reciprocate in a straight line and the pole-piecesto more closely surround the ends of said armature when at eitherextreme of its movement.

It further consists in the improved form of 2c pole-pieces, incombination with two or more elastic or spring buffers adapted to aid inchecking and reversing the movement of the armature. I

It further consists in mounting the ends of the rolling armature inbearings in a yoke or frame adapted to have imparted to it by saidarmature a rectilinear reciprocating motion, said motion beingespecially adapted to facilitate connection with certain kinds ofmechanism which it may be desired to operate. f

It further consists in providing the armature and magnets with disks orcollars of brass or other non-magnetic metal at the ends of theirrespective coils, in order to facilitate the, elec- 5 trical connectionof the armature with its coil and to aid in making all of the coils ofthe same length and contain the same quantity of wire, all. of whichwill be best understood by reference to the description of the drawingsand the claims to be hereinafter given.

. In the drawings, Figure 1. is a plan of an electric motor embodyingour invention. Fi is a side elevation of the same, and Fig. 8 is an endelevation with a portion cut in section.

A is the bed-plate, made of brass or other suitable non magnetic metal,and having mounted upon it the two electronnagnets, B

and B, composed, respectively, of the coils c and 0', cores d and d, andpole-pieces N S and N and S, said pole-pieces being-fastened to thebed-plate A by the screws (1 (1. (Shown in dotted lines.) The ends ofthe cores (Z and d of the magnets B and B pass through holes 'in thepolepieees N S N S, and are provided with the nuts I) I), by means ofwhich they are securely held in place. Between the polepieces of themagnets B and B are inserted the brass blocks e, shaped and arrangedsubstantially as we have shown and described in another application ofeven date herewith, ex-

. armature F will roll back and forth in a straight line, instead ofoscillating in a curved path, like a pendulum, as described in ourapplicati on above cited.

The armature F is of soft iron, cylindrical in form, and is providedwith the coil of conducting-wire j". The ends of the armature F aremounted in bearings g in the frame G, which is provided with the rods gy, adapted to slide in the bearings H H, secured upon the 7 5 bed-plateA, and thus guide the frame G in its, reciprocating motion, which isimparted to it by the armature F as it rolls upon the contact surfacesof the pole-pieces N S N S and blocks 6 e, from one magnetic field tothe other. The curved surfaces 71. h of the pole-pieces N S N Spartially surround the ends of the armature F, and are made of a radiusslightly greater than said ends, and the movement of the armature issuch that its ends will be brought into close proximity with thesurfaces h 11, whereby the magnetic force exerted upon said armaturewill be greatly intensified, and as the reversal of the current takesplace when the armature has nearly reached the extreme of its move- 0ment in either direction, or is nearest to either of the magnets B or B,said magnet will then exert its maximum repelling force to reverse themotion of the armature. Each of the polepieces N S N S is provided withan elastic or 5 spring buffer, 1', (shown in full in Fig. 2 andin dottedlines in Fig. 1,) which bulfers act to prevent the ends of the armatureF from coming into actual contact with the surfaces h 71,

and also aid in checking and reversing the motion of said armature. Thebuffers i i may be made of rubber of a shape as sh own; or they may bemade of any other suitable shape or materiahand may be located in anyother convenient place. The armature F is provided with two thin disks,k k, of brass or other nonmagnetic metal, located at the opposite endsof the coil 1', and of adiameter about equal to the diameter of saidcoil. The ends of the armature F, which rest upon the pole-pieces N S Nare made of a diameter slightly greater than the middle portion of saidarmature, upon which the coil f is wound, thus forming a shoulder justoutside of each of the disks or collars 7t It, said disks being held inplace by being confined between said shoulders and the ends of the coilf. In order to place the disks 7c 70 upon the armature F, they are eachprovided with a out upon one side, as at 70, which allows of their beingtwisted untilthe ends are snfiiciently separated to enable them to beslipped over the middle portion of the armature, when they are bent backto their proper shape, and the armature is then ready to receive itscoil. The object of the disks k k is to furnisha convenient means ofelectrical connection between the armature F andits coil, and to fix theexact length. of said coil when being wound upon the armature. After thewinding of the coil f is completed it is necessary to place the outerend of the wirein electrical connection with the armature F, which ismost readily done by soldering it to the edge of one of the brass disks7c. in like manner each of the magnets B and B is providedwith similardisks, Z I, held in place between the coils c and c and the smallflanges m m upon the cores (1 and d, as clearly shown in that portion ofFig. 3 which is cut in section. The portions of the cores (l and d andof .thc

armature F upon which the coils 0, c, and f are wound are all of thesame diameter, and as the brass disks 1 I and k k are placed the samedistance apart upon said cores and armature, and are of the samediameter, it follows that said disks serve as an accurate guide toenable the same quantity of wire to be placed in each of the threecoils, )rovided the same size of wire is used. Another object of thecuts 70 k in the disks 7c and Iis to prevent electric currents frombeing induced in said disks, which would be the case were they made inthe form of complete rings without such divisions.

A commutator, l', is placed upon the belt plate A near its center and,beneath the armaiurc F. This commutator maybe of an ysuitableconstruction, and one well adapted for the purpose shown and describedin an applica tion of\\"illiam ll. Chapman, of even date here with. .l'and K are two screwwaups set in the pole-pieces N and S, respectively,but insulated therefrom, and serving to connect the battery not shown)and the various conducting-wires .in a circuit in a well-known manner.

A brass spring, 11, is secured at one end by the screw 0 to the frame G,butinsulated therefrom, and presses at its other end upon the end of ashort wire, 2, (the end of which is seen in Fig. 1,) which wire passesthrough a hole in the center of the armature F, but insulated therefrom,and connects with the inner end of the arm ature-coil f.

The wire connections are substantially the same as in our otherapplication before referred to, and are as follows: The outer end of thecoil 0 is connected to the screw-cup J, and the inner end of said coilis connected by wire (not shown) with the inner end of the coil 0, whiletheouter' end of the coil. 0 is connected with one of the springs of thecommutator l. the other spring of the commutator being connected by wire1' to the screw-cup K. The inner end of the armature-coil f isconnected, through the medium of the wire 1),spring n, and wire .9, tothe insulated contact-piece of the commutator I. The outer end o'fthearmaturecoil. f is invv metallic connection with the armature, F, asbefore described, thus connecting it with the framework of the machineand to the other two coutact-pieccs of the commutator,

which are also connected to the t'rmne-work of the machine.

The rectilinear reciprocating motion of the frame (r is especiallyadapted where it is desired to transmit such motion directly to themechanism to, be operated, as in working pumps either or both of therods g may be the piston rodor rods of pumps or coupled di' rcctly to.said piston-rods. be driven may be connected with the frame (l in anyother suitable way as, for instance, by a connecting-rod attached toeither of tluirods g, as shown, in dotted lines at L, or by two rods, MM, (shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1,) connected to the frame G by thepins f t \Ve have illustrated and described an appw ratus in whichelectro-magnets are used and the armature is composed of soft iron andprovided with a coil of conducting-wire, it being arranged that thereversal of the current shall take place in said armatuiecoil; but we donot wish to be limited to this special construction, inasmuch aspermanent magnets may be substituted in place of the electro-magnets Band B; or a permanent magnet in, the form of a cylinder may be used inplace of the soft-iron armature and its coil with good results by soarranging the wire connections that the current passing through thecoils of the magnets B and B shall be reversed by each movement of thearmature.

\Vhat we claim as new, and desireto secure by Letters Patent of theUnited. States, 1s-

1.. In an electric ap niratus, the combination of an armature providedwith curved. or cylindrical end portions aud adapted to rock or roll.from one magnetic iield to another, and a pair of U shaped nmgnetsarranged with their poles in opposition to each other, and havingportions of their pole ends shaped. and arranged, in connection with thenon-magnetic fillingblocks interposed between them, to form straightarmature guiding and contact surfaces of lengths .uot less than theamplitude of the reciproeations of said armature, and the re mainingportions curved and arranged to pa 1:-

The mechanism to I tially surround and inclose two opposite sides fromone magnetic field to another, a pair of U-shaped magnets arranged withtheir poles in opposition to each other, and having portions of theirpole ends shaped and arranged, in connection with the non-magneticfillingblocks interposed between them, to form straight armature guidingand contact surfaces of lengths not less than the amplitude of thereciprocations of said armature, and the remaining portions curved andarranged to partially surround and inelose two opposite sides of the endportions of said armature andbe in close proximity thereto and nearlyparallel therewith when said armature is at the extreme of its movementtoward said pole-pieces, and two or more elastic or spring buffersadapted to check and limit'the movement of the armature, substantiallyas and for the purposes described.

3. In an electric apparatus, the combination of an armature providedwith curved or cylindrical end portions and adapted to rock or roll fromone magnetic field to another, a pair of U-shaped magnets arranged withtheir poles in opposition to each other, and having their pole endsshaped and arranged, in connection with the non-magnetic filling-blocksinterposed between them, to form straight armature guiding and contactsurfaces, and a yoke or frame connected to the armature and adapted toreceive therefrom a rectilinear reciprocating motion, substantially asand for the purposes described.

4. In an electric apparatus composed of two electro-magnets arrangedwith their poles in opposition, and an armature provided with a coil ofconducting-wire and adapted to rock or roll from one magnetic field toanother, disks or rings of nonmagnetic metal secured upon the cores ofthe magnets or armature at the ends of their respective coils, and cutopen upon one side, substantially as and for the purposes described.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification, inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses, on this 13th day of January,A. D. 1883.

CHARLES C. PEOK. \VM. H. CHAPMAN.

\Vitnesses:

E. A. HEMMENW'AY, \VALTER E. LOMBARD.

